In the account of Genesis we are able to first observe the story of the Tower of Babel. In this story, the king wanted to keep all people together so he instructed them to build a city with a big tower in it– of course, God was displeased with such actions so he stopped the construction of the building. How? He made everyone speak different languages– hence the root meaning of Babylon/ Ba’bel meaning confusion. Similarly, Borges’ The Library of Babel is concerned with the conventions of language and communication and echoes the Biblical account. Borges mentions, “ books belonged to past or remote languages. It is true that most ancient men, the first librarians, made use of a language quite different from the one we speak today” (Borges 82), this quote refracts from Biblical  conventions but  further simultaneously satirizes religion/ spirituality; “The universe was justified, the universe suddenly expanded to the limitless dimensions of hope. At the time there was much talk of the Vindications: book of apology, and prophecy, which vindicated for all the time the actions of every man in the world”. Babel fractured human speech– language was used to confuse people whereas in Borges account the indecipherable language divides people– language is not perfect but masks clarity creating confusion and divine prophecy is undercut. The destabilization of meaning resonates with philologist Ferdinand de Saussure who is responsible for a massive shift concerning philology– the study of language. He rejects mimetic theory– a theory that demonstrates that language mirrors the world; he asserts that language is primarily determined by its own rules and structures– created by different signs. Babel and Borges demonstrate that language is not transparent– nor words can be interpreted as a solemn truth as they are evolving in meaning; though, they do not mirror the world, they adapt to current sociological trends– demonstrating that language is arbitrary and obfuscates the signified. Saussaure states that the meaning between words come from different signs rather than material objects– echoing Borges endless letter combinations and deconstructing the tower of Babel. Multiple languages expose the fragility of communication– the truth requires nuance as words and meaning are arbitrary.